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Chlorine and Bromine - Comparison - Properties -
One of the major uses of bromine is a water purifier/disinfectant, as an alternative to chlorine. Bromine compounds are effective pesticides, used both as soil fumigants in agriculture, particularly fruit-growing, and as a fumigant to prevent pests from attacking stored grain and other produce.
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The reactivity of phenolic compounds is enhanced by the activating character of the phenolic substituents, e.g. further hydroxyl groups. With the data set from this study, the ratio between the species-specific rate constants for the reactions of chlorine versus bromine with phenolic compounds was confirmed to be about 3000.
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Bromine and chlorine compounds are the most generally used halogen-containing flame retardants because iodine compounds are not sufficiently stable and fluorine compounds are too stable to be useful. Halogen-containing flame retardants act primarily in the gas phase as hydrogen halides inhibit the radical-chain oxidation reactions in the flame.
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Bromine Compounds. Bromine compounds are much more effective in the ozone destruction compared to chlorine substances (Galashev, 2011), while iodine's role is under discussion (Thompson et al., 2015). From: Atmospheric Research, 2017. Download as PDF. About this page.
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Organic chlorine or bromine compounds are produced by reacting chlorine or bromine with salts of organic carboxylic acids with metals, particularly with metals of the first, second, and third groups of the periodic system. Thus, simple acids yield alkyl halides; a -hydroxy acids yield hydrohalogen compounds of the aldehydes; hydroxy acids in which the hydroxyl is not in the a -position yield ...
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mass spectra - the M+2 peak - chemguide
So . . . if you have 3 lines in the molecular ion region (M+, M+2 and M+4) with gaps of 2 m/z units between them, and with peak heights in the ratio of 9:6:1, the compound contains 2 chlorine atoms. Compounds containing bromine atoms. Bromine has two isotopes, 79 Br and 81 Br in an approximately 1:1 ratio (50.5 : 49.5 if you want to be fussy ...
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GCMS Section 6.5
Compounds can also contain any combination of multiple chlorine and bromine atoms. These samples will produce distinct peaks due to the various combinations of the isotopes. A compound containing two bromines will have a [M + 2] peak twice the size of the [M + ] peak and a [M + 4] peak the same size as the [M + ] peak (Figure 6.6a).
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The Chemistry of the Halogens - Purdue University
Fluorine is the most electronegative element in the periodic table. As a result, it has an oxidation number of -1 in all its compounds. Because chlorine, bromine, and iodine are less electronegative, it is possible to prepare compounds in which these elements have oxidation numbers of +1, +3, +5, and +7, as shown in the table below.
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Chlorine is a commonly used household cleaner and disinfectant. Chlorine is a potent irritant to the eyes, the upper respiratory tract, and lungs. Chronic (long-term) exposure to chlorine gas in workers has resulted in respiratory effects, including eye and throat irritation and airflow obstruction. No information is available on the carcinogenic effects of chlorine in humans from inhalation ...
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In the presence of bromine, hypobromous acid is also formed. Both chlorine and bromine are in the “halogen” group of elements, and have similar chemical characteristics. Hypochlorous and hypobromous acid form strong oxidizing agents in water and react with a wide variety of compounds, which is why they are such effective disinfectants.
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Oxidizing Biocides: Chlorine vs Bromine - Chemtex
Aug 20, 2021 Bromine as a Biocide. Bromine is more expensive to purchase per pound. It is typically available at 16% as hypobrompus acid and is often stabilized so it doesn’t degrade or breakdown. Bromine is more effective than chlorine at high pH levels. Hypobromous acid is a very effective biocide as are the other bromine compounds and because all ...
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Chlorine and Bromine Testing In Cooling Tower Systems
Chlorine and bromine based biocides are widely used for microbiological control in cooling tower systems. These halogen compounds form strong oxidizing agents in water, which is how they kill bacteria and other microorganisms. Routine testing is important to confirm effective halogen residuals are maintained. Low residuals can result in poor microbiological control.
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Bromine Compounds - an overview ScienceDirect Topics
Bromine Compounds. Bromine compounds are much more effective in the ozone destruction compared to chlorine substances (Galashev, 2011), while iodine's role is under discussion (Thompson et al., 2015). From: Atmospheric Research, 2017. Download as PDF. About this page.
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Still, because bromine is a weaker oxidizer, periodic shocking with chlorine or potassium monopersulfate is strongly advised no matter what program is chosen. The Association of Pool Spa Professionals (APSP) says supplemental oxidation is particularly important when using bromine compounds to prevent chemical rashes.
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Bromine can also be found as an alternative to chlorine in swimming pools. Products containing bromine are used in agriculture and sanitation and as fire retardants (chemicals that help prevent things from catching fire). Some bromine-containing compounds were historically used as sedatives (drugs that can make people calm or sleepy).
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Disinfection By-Products The Safe Water System CDC
In the presence of bromine, hypobromous acid is also formed. Both chlorine and bromine are in the “halogen” group of elements, and have similar chemical characteristics. Hypochlorous and hypobromous acid form strong oxidizing agents in water and react with a wide variety of compounds, which is why they are such effective disinfectants.
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Mass Spectra – The M+2 Peak ChemKey
This page explains how the M+2 peak in a mass spectrum arises from the presence of chlorine or bromine atoms in an organic compound. It also deals briefly with the origin of the M+4 peak in compounds containing two chlorine atoms. Note: Before you start this page, it would be a good idea to have a reasonable understanding about how a mass ...
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IODINE, FLUORIDE, CHLORINE, BROMINE: THE HEALTH EFFECTS
Jan 30, 2018 Bromine is close in size and weight to Iodine, and will compete for binding of Iodine receptors in the thyroid gland. Bromine is very similar to Chlorine in the way that it kills bacteria and harmful contaminants, but Bromine is most used to sanitize hot tubs and spas, because it is more stable than Chlorine in warmer temperatures.
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Chlorine Cl2 - PubChem
Chlorine is a commonly used household cleaner and disinfectant. Chlorine is a potent irritant to the eyes, the upper respiratory tract, and lungs. Chronic (long-term) exposure to chlorine gas in workers has resulted in respiratory effects, including eye and throat irritation and airflow obstruction. No information is available on the carcinogenic effects of chlorine in humans from inhalation ...
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CHLORINE AND ITS COMPOUNDS.pdf - CHLORINE AND ITS ...
CHLORINE AND ITS COMPOUNDS Chlorine belongs to group 7 in the periodic table. It has a relative atomic mass of 35.5 and atomic number of 17 with a valency of 1. Other elements belonging to group 7 are fluorine, bromine, iodine and astatine. They are generally called halogens meaning salt producers. Laboratory preparation of chlorine gas 1) Oxidation of concentrated hydrochloric acid by ...
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Compounds can also contain any combination of multiple chlorine and bromine atoms. These samples will produce distinct peaks due to the various combinations of the isotopes. A compound containing two bromines will have a [M + 2] peak twice the size of the [M + ] peak and a [M + 4] peak the same size as the [M + ] peak (Figure 6.6a).
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Bromine Br (Element) - PubChem
Bromine is the only nonmetallic liquid element. It is a heavy, mobile, reddish-brown liquid, volatilizing readily at room temperature to a red vapor with a strong disagreeable odor, resembling chlorine, and having a very irritating effect on the eyes and throat; it is readily soluble in water or carbon disulfide, forming a red solution, is less active than chlorine but more so than iodine; it ...
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Is chlorine and bromine an ionic compound? - Answers
Jul 18, 2012 Fluorine, and Chlorine can displace bromine from a compound. What element will bond to form an ionic compound with K? Potassium will form ionic compound with group 17 elements (fluorine, chlorine ...
MoreOnline ChatChlorine and Bromine Testing In Cooling Tower Systems
Chlorine and bromine based biocides are widely used for microbiological control in cooling tower systems. These halogen compounds form strong oxidizing agents in water, which is how they kill bacteria and other microorganisms. Routine testing is important to confirm effective halogen residuals are maintained. Low residuals can result in poor microbiological control.
MoreOnline ChatOxidizing Biocides: Chlorine vs Bromine - Chemtex
Aug 20, 2021 Bromine as a Biocide. Bromine is more expensive to purchase per pound. It is typically available at 16% as hypobrompus acid and is often stabilized so it doesn’t degrade or breakdown. Bromine is more effective than chlorine at high pH levels. Hypobromous acid is a very effective biocide as are the other bromine compounds and because all ...
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Bromine can also be found as an alternative to chlorine in swimming pools. Products containing bromine are used in agriculture and sanitation and as fire retardants (chemicals that help prevent things from catching fire). Some bromine-containing compounds were historically used as sedatives (drugs that can make people calm or sleepy).
MoreOnline ChatIs chlorine and bromine an ionic compound? - Answers
Jul 18, 2012 Fluorine, and Chlorine can displace bromine from a compound. What element will bond to form an ionic compound with K? Potassium will form ionic compound with group 17 elements (fluorine, chlorine ...
MoreOnline ChatMass Spectra – The M+2 Peak ChemKey
This page explains how the M+2 peak in a mass spectrum arises from the presence of chlorine or bromine atoms in an organic compound. It also deals briefly with the origin of the M+4 peak in compounds containing two chlorine atoms. Note: Before you start this page, it would be a good idea to have a reasonable understanding about how a mass ...
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Bromine as a disinfectant - Lenntech
A bromine-containing stick was developed in 1958, because of the risks of using fluid bromine. This stick exists of bromine-chlorine-dimethylhydantoin (Dihalo, DMH).Both chlorine and bromine are attached to a nitrogen atom, which acts as an organic support. Applied to water, DHM is hydrolyzed and forms hypochlorous acid.
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Chlorine - Wikipedia
Chlorine is a chemical element with the symbol Cl and atomic number 17. The second-lightest of the halogens, it appears between fluorine and bromine in the periodic table and its properties are mostly intermediate between them. Chlorine is a yellow-green gas at room temperature. It is an extremely reactive element and a strong oxidising agent: among the elements, it has the highest electron ...
MoreOnline ChatCHLORINE AND ITS COMPOUNDS.pdf - CHLORINE AND ITS ...
CHLORINE AND ITS COMPOUNDS Chlorine belongs to group 7 in the periodic table. It has a relative atomic mass of 35.5 and atomic number of 17 with a valency of 1. Other elements belonging to group 7 are fluorine, bromine, iodine and astatine. They are generally called halogens meaning salt producers. Laboratory preparation of chlorine gas 1) Oxidation of concentrated hydrochloric acid by ...
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The Parts of the Periodic Table - Angelo State University
Bromine is also found in compounds called halons, which contain carbon atoms to which fluorine, fluorine, and sometimes chlorine, are also attached. These compounds are used in fire extinguishers, since they do not damage electronic equipment. Methyl bromide, CH 3 Br, used to be used as a soil fumigant to kill ...
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Basic Ozone Layer Science US EPA
Oct 07, 2021 One chlorine atom can destroy over 100,000 ozone molecules before it is removed from the stratosphere. Ozone can be destroyed more quickly than it is naturally created. Some compounds release chlorine or bromine when they are exposed to intense UV light in the stratosphere.
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Chlorine Article about chlorine by The Free Dictionary
Chlorine replaces bromine and iodine from their compounds with hydrogen and metals and is itself replaced by fluorine from its compounds with these elements. In the presence of tiny amounts of moisture, alkali metals react with chlorine by combustion.
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Bromine
Bromine is a chemical element with the symbol Br and atomic number 35. It is the third-lightest halogen and is a fuming red-brown liquid at room
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Bromine and Iodine Compounds - Big Chemical Encyclopedia
Orlando JJ (2003) Atmospheric chemistry of organic bromine and iodine compounds.Handbook Environ Chem 3R 253-299. This unexpected result can only be explained by assuming a partial ionization of the bromine and iodine compounds, the most probable modes being as follows ... The valency Of chlorine, bromine, and iodine.—Compounds are known in which the three halogens act as uni-, ter-, quinque ...
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